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Countries of Europe

Europe is a small continent with many countries. It is joined to Asia in the east, where the Ural Mountains are usually taken as the border, and is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean in the west and the Mediterranean Sea in the south.

The region in numbers

This region has 53 entries on this site, of which 44 are member states of the United Nations. Together they hold about 746 million people, roughly 9 percent of the world total, on about 23.1 million square kilometres of land. Russia has the most people (about 144 million). Russia is the largest by area (17,100,000 km²), and Monaco is the smallest member state (1.95 km²). 13 of its member states are landlocked: Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Czechia, Hungary, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Moldova, North Macedonia, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Switzerland.

Central Europe

Eastern Europe

Northern Europe

Southeast Europe

Southern Europe

Western Europe

The sub-regions compared

Sub-regionEntriesPeopleShare of the regionMost people
Eastern Europe4194 million26%Russia
Western Europe8192 million26%Germany
Southern Europe10132 million18%Italy
Northern Europe1611 million15%United Kingdom
Central Europe673.6 million10%Poland
Southeast Europe945.4 million6%Romania

Rich and poor, crowded and empty

By GDP per person among member states, the highest figures in the data are Monaco ($288,000), Liechtenstein ($220,200), Luxembourg ($147,300), and the lowest are Ukraine ($5,900), Moldova ($8,600), Belarus ($10,300). A baby can expect the longest life in Monaco (86.5 years) and the shortest in Moldova (71.3 years), a gap of 15 years inside one region. The most crowded member state is Monaco, with about 19,662 people to each square kilometre, and the emptiest is Iceland, with about 3.8. Figures are World Bank values for the year shown on each country page.

Borders, languages, money and time

Russia has the most land neighbours in the region, 14 of them. 3 member states have no land border in the data, being islands or groups of islands: Cyprus, Iceland, Malta. The languages listed for the most places here are English (12), German (9), French (9), Russian (8). The most widely shared money is the euro, the main currency of 28 entries. Clocks in the region run from UTC-1:00 to UTC+12:00, a spread of 13 hours.

Compare the countries of Europe

CountryCapitalRegionPopulationArea km²People per km²GDP per person US$
AlbaniaTiranaEurope2,349,58028,7488212,998
AndorraAndorra la VellaEurope82,90446817754,292
AustriaViennaEurope9,208,16383,85811062,930
BelarusMinskEurope9,085,991207,6004410,279
BelgiumBrusselsEurope11,941,78130,51039160,750
Bosnia and HerzegovinaSarajevoEurope3,140,09551,1296110,382
BulgariaSofiaEurope6,433,302110,9105820,328
CroatiaZagrebEurope3,876,20056,5426927,104
CyprusNicosiaEurope1,370,7549,25014841,783
CzechiaPragueEurope10,886,87878,86613835,917
DenmarkCopenhagenEurope6,009,16943,09413976,970
EstoniaTallinnEurope1,366,47545,2263034,418
Faroe IslandsTórshavnEurope54,9001,3993974,175
FinlandHelsinkiEurope5,646,436337,0301756,149
FranceParisEurope68,720,337547,03012648,986
GermanyBerlinEurope83,491,249357,02123460,496
GibraltarGibraltarEurope40,1266.56,173no value
GreeceAthensEurope10,413,962131,9407926,948
GuernseySt. Peter PortEurope65,22878836no value
HungaryBudapestEurope9,514,25193,03010225,907
IcelandReykjavikEurope392,404103,0003.898,323
IrelandDublinEurope5,484,36770,28078131,592
Isle of ManDouglasEurope84,11857214790,015
ItalyRomeEurope58,915,656301,23019643,309
JerseySaint HelierEurope90,812116783no value
KosovoPristinaEurope1,576,87610,908145no value
LatviaRigaEurope1,847,78564,5892926,312
LiechtensteinVaduzEurope41,024160256220,167
LithuaniaVilniusEurope2,888,77465,2004432,959
LuxembourgLuxembourgEurope686,9702,586266147,252
MaltaVallettaEurope579,7043161,83547,907
MoldovaChișinăuEurope2,360,52733,843708,622
MonacoMonacoEurope38,3411.9519,662288,002
MontenegroPodgoricaEurope623,12914,0264414,817
NetherlandsAmsterdamEurope18,087,63341,52643673,684
North MacedoniaSkopjeEurope1,820,90925,3337210,490
NorwayOsloEurope5,610,870324,2201794,594
PolandWarsawEurope36,435,861312,68511728,420
PortugalLisbonEurope10,804,87192,39111732,082
RomaniaBucharestEurope19,020,271237,5008022,538
RussiaMoscowEurope143,513,32817,100,0008.417,547
San MarinoCity of San MarinoEurope34,1096155759,871
SerbiaBelgradeEurope6,549,14388,3617415,262
SlovakiaBratislavaEurope5,413,81348,84511128,544
SloveniaLjubljanaEurope2,130,98620,27310537,376
SpainMadridEurope49,355,143504,7829838,627
Svalbard and Jan MayenLongyearbyenEurope2,55062,0490.0no value
SwedenStockholmEurope10,596,620449,9642463,133
SwitzerlandBernEurope9,092,43641,290220114,769
UkraineKyivEurope38,980,376603,700655,866
United KingdomLondonEurope69,487,000244,82028457,602
Vatican CityVatican CityEurope9210.442,093no value
Åland IslandsMariehamnEurope26,7111,58017no value